Climate History Site Map

CLIMATE HISTORY AND GEOLOGY

CLIMATE HISTORY
GENERAL SITE MAP

The material on these pages pertains to the role of climate change in the history of the Earth. There is particular emphasis on the glaciated regions of the northern plains of North America—a region with many interesting artifacts of the Ice Ages that have been largely overlooked in the standard textbooks and reviews.

CLIMATE CYCLES AND GLOBAL WARMING
Index of Topics Introduction Global Warming Denial Essential Facts About Climate Change Gradual vs. Sudden Change The Search for Cycles Bibliography Time-Line of Geological and Climate History Astronomical Cycles and Climate History Geological Eras and Terminology The Big Events in Geological History A Note on Climate Models A Note on Time Series and Spectral Analysys
AN OUTLINE OF CLIMATE HISTORY
Index of Topics Introduction The Evidence for Climate Change in the Past Change Recommended Reading The Search for Climate Variations and Cycles Mechanisms for Climate Change Daily and Yearly Variations Changes in the Atmospheric Circulation Computational Modeling of the Circulation Circulation during the Ice Ages The Role of Oceanic Circulation ENSO and Short Term Ocean Oscillations Droughts and "The Great American Desert" The Meteorological and Scientific Record Response of Vegetation to Droughts Tidal Influences on the Climate Variations in the Solar Output The Milankovitch Cycle of Ice Ages The Geological Evidence for Climate Change The Historical Records of Climate Change Scientific Observations and Modeling of Climate Change Extinction Events The Great Extinctions of the Permian The Aftermath: The Rise of the Dinosaurs The Climate Deterioration of the Cenozoic and the Onset of Ice Ages Catastrophic Events in Earth's History The Climatic Effects of Volcanic Eruptions Giant Caldera Eruptions Giant Fissure Eruptions Comet and Asteroid Impacts Asteroids Vs. Volcanos Effect ofNearby Supernova Explosions Cosmic Rays and Magnetic Reversals Ice Ages and Their Climatic Implications Geological Evidence for Ice Ages Glacial Till Loess Deposits and Sand Dunes The Distribution of Continental Glaciers The Great Ice Ages The Little Ice Age Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming Changes in the Concentration of Greenhouse Gases Radiation Balance of the Earth Global Warming: The Earth's Present Climate Causes of Global Warming The Future Mitigation of Global Warming Depletion of the Ozone Layer
A GLACIAL HISTORY OF NORTH AMERICA
Index Introduction: Where Did the Ice Age Glaciers Lie? The Glacial Spreading Centers Active Flow and Glacial Surges Stagnant Ice Around the Margins of the Ice Sheets The Cordilleran Ice Sheets Conclusions
A VIRTUAL FIELD TRIP
Index Introduction: The Shifting Course of the Missouri River Since the Ice Ages Stage 1: Great Falls to Fort Benton Stage 2: The Shonkin Sag Brief Trip Extended Trip Stage 3: Fort Benton to Big Sandy Stage 4: The Missouri Breaks Stage 5: Big Sandy to Havre Stage 6: Southern Alberta Stage 7: Havre to Glasgow Stage 8: Eastern Montana Stage 9: The Missouri Coteau in North Dakota Landforms map
LAKE GREAT FALLS AND THE FORMATION OF THE SHONKIN SAG
Index Introduction: The Evolution of Lake Great Falls and the Shonkin Sag The Standard Explanation An Alternative Explanation Stage 1: The Pre-Glacial Landscape Stage 2: Glacial Advance; Missouri Overflows to East Stage 3: Further Glacial Advance; Overflow Diverted to Shonkin Sag Stage 4: Filling of Lake Great Falls Stage 5: Catastrophic Drainage through Shonkin Sag Stage 6: Establishment of a New Missouri Channel Stage 7: After the Ice Age

This web site has been created and maintained by Gerald Davidson, http://www.onemain.com/~gdavids/index.htm.
Most recent revision March 2010.

Please send comments, suggestions, and corrections to

< Gerald Davidson
gplains@onemain.com
P.O. Box 1466
Red Lodge, MT 59068